Serious knee injuries, including anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures, can be significantly reduced through the use of injury prevention training, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. This research is particularly significant as it represents the first-ever trial of injury prevention in women's and girls' Australian Football and one of the largest randomized trials worldwide.
The study, led by La Trobe University researchers and supported by the Australian Football League (AFL), followed nearly 2500 players from over 165 teams across metropolitan and regional Victoria. The Prep-to-Play injury-prevention program was delivered through more than 50 workshops for coaches, player leaders, club administrators, and parents.
La Trobe researchers found that when coaches received a hands-on Prep-to-Play workshop conducted by an accredited physiotherapist with follow-up visits and online resources, they were almost four times more likely to adhere to the program compared to relying solely on the online tools. For every 10% increase in program use, players' lower and upper-limb injury rates, including ACL ruptures and serious knee injuries, were reduced by up to 7%.
Developed by La Trobe University with the AFL, Prep-to-Play includes eight warm-up activities, three contact skills, and three strength exercises designed to support safer, stronger on-field performances. Lead author Dr. Brooke Patterson emphasizes that girls and women often have less exposure to contact and physical skill development than boys and men, which could increase their injury risk in fast-paced football games.
"When coaches feel supported and skilled, programs are implemented properly and consistently—ultimately driving down injuries," said Dr. Patterson. "The global growth of women's and girls' football is also seen in community Australian football; participation has increased by 790% over the past decade."
La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medical Research Center Director Professor Kay Crossley highlights that this research provides a practical blueprint for safer community sport, aligning with international recommendations. "The AFL's endorsement of the resources as part of their core injury-prevention policy ensures the program meets the practical needs of community football clubs," she said.
AFL Chief Medical Officer Dr. Michael Makdissi commends the initiative and pledges to raise awareness of injury prevention best practices, making Prep-to-Play training accessible for leagues and community clubs. "Turning research into action will ensure player longevity and continued growth in girls' and women's football."
Kel Rowe, a West Footscray women’s team player and coach, attests to the program's impact: "Prep-to-Play really made our players conscious of what we needed to look after our bodies. The training empowered us as a club to implement it early with juniors, so it was naturally embedded in our culture."
The study underscores the importance of hands-on support and interactive training for coaches and players to effectively prevent injuries. As Australia's ACL injury rate continues to rise, particularly among adolescent girls, initiatives like Prep-to-Play are crucial steps towards safer football environments.
