In a significant advancement for wildlife conservation, the Mexican long-nosed bat (Leptonycteris nivalis) has been officially documented in southeastern Arizona, bringing the state’s total bat species count to 29. This endangered species, recognized under the Endangered Species Act since 1988, plays a crucial role in pollinating desert flora such as cacti and agave plants.

Historically, confirming the presence of the Mexican long-nosed bat in Arizona was challenging due to the difficulties in capturing and identifying these nocturnal creatures. However, a groundbreaking approach utilizing environmental DNA (eDNA) has provided the evidence needed. By analyzing saliva samples collected from hummingbird feeders and flowering plants, researchers identified genetic material specific to this bat species.

This innovative method was a collaborative effort between Bat Conservation International, the Arizona Game and Fish Department, and local residents. Community members in southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico participated by swabbing feeders and plants, collecting samples that were then analyzed at Northern Arizona University’s specialized laboratory.

Angie McIntire, the statewide bat specialist for the Arizona Game and Fish Department, highlighted the significance of this technique: “By sampling the environment, eDNA gives us an additional tool for our toolkit, allowing researchers to confirm the presence of this rare species without actually having to catch one in the wild.”

The Mexican long-nosed bat embarks on an extensive migratory journey each spring, traveling from Mexico into the southwestern United States in search of blooming plants rich in nectar. Their return migration occurs in the fall, following the same route. The confirmation of their presence in Arizona not only enriches the state’s biodiversity but also emphasizes the importance of conserving these vital pollinators and their habitats.

This discovery underscores the power of community involvement and innovative scientific methods in wildlife conservation. As researchers continue to explore the behaviors and habitats of the Mexican long-nosed bat, ongoing public engagement and support remain essential for the preservation of this and other endangered species