Fake and substandard medicines have become a silent yet lethal threat to Pakistan’s public health. Across the country, countless patients are unknowingly consuming drugs that lack the correct ingredients or contain harmful substances. These counterfeit products not only jeopardise lives but also erode public trust in the healthcare system and the legitimate pharmaceutical industry.

The risks are severe. Patients may receive ineffective treatment that allows illnesses to worsen or become fatal. Toxic adulterants or incorrect doses can lead to organ damage, allergic reactions, or long-term complications. When antibiotics or antivirals are substandard, they fuel drug resistance, making once-treatable diseases harder to cure. Families also bear the financial burden of prolonged treatment and repeat hospital visits.

This crisis undermines the efforts of honest manufacturers and healthcare providers. It also damages Pakistan’s image as an emerging pharmaceutical hub. Weak supply-chain controls, gaps in regulatory enforcement, and insufficient public awareness allow counterfeit and substandard drugs to circulate widely. Pharmacies and clinics often lack tools to verify authenticity, and consumers are left guessing about the safety of what they purchase.

Experts argue that only decisive action will break this cycle. Pakistan needs tougher regulation, modernised testing facilities, and a transparent licensing system with traceable packaging. Public campaigns should educate citizens on buying medicines from reputable outlets. Severe penalties must be imposed on those who manufacture or distribute fake medicines to deter future offenders.

Without urgent reforms and a coordinated national response, the health risks of fake medicines will continue to threaten lives, slow down economic growth, and sap public confidence in healthcare. Restoring integrity to the medicine supply chain is essential for protecting patients and safeguarding Pakistan’s future.